图书在版编目(CIP)数据 专转本英语词汇一本通 / 陈美华主编. 南京 : 南京大学出版社, 2020.10 ISBN9787305238628 Ⅰ. ①专… Ⅱ. ①陈… Ⅲ. ①英语-词汇-成人高等 教育-升学参考资料 Ⅳ. ①H319.34 中国版本图书馆CIP数据核字(2020)第206229号 出版发行南京大学出版社 社址南京市汉口路22号邮编210093 出版人金鑫荣 书名专转本英语词汇一本通 主编陈美华 责任编辑冯培培编辑热线02583686029 照排南京南琳图文制作有限公司 印刷南京人民印刷厂有限责任公司 开本787×10921/16印张14.5字数 372千 版次2020年10月第1版2020年10月第1次印刷 ISBN 9787305238628 定价45.00元 网址: http://www.njupco.com 官方微博: http://weibo.com/njupco 官方微信号: njupress 销售咨询热线: (025) 83594756 * 版权所有,侵权必究 * 凡购买南大版图书,如有印装质量问题,请与所购 图书销售部门联系调换 前言 江苏“专转本”考试自实施以来,英语一直是必考科目。这些年英语考试的试题类型基本稳定,主要包括“词汇与结构”“阅读理解”“完形填空”“翻译”与“写作”。影响考生在英语试题上失分的重要原因之一,是词汇掌握不够好。特别是核心词汇和高频词汇的掌握欠工夫,直接导致了词汇题失分,阅读能力不高,阅读速度慢,阅读理解不准确,翻译表达能力差,作文不能恰到好处地表情达意。 根据江苏“专转本”考生英语考试普遍存在的情况,按照《高职高专英语教学大纲》的规定和要求,南京大学出版社约请了“专转本”英语辅导的一线专家编写了这本《专转本英语词汇一本通》,本书包括两大部分:“专转本”英语词汇详解,这一部分是让考生拉网式地“过”单词及其相关短语、例句;“专转本”英语常考词汇训练,是根据多年来考试真题,精选若干常考词汇、高频词汇而设计的练习,这些练习中的词汇用法,对提高“专转本”英语考试的得分,无疑有很大的帮助。 南京大学出版社组织编写的“南大专转本”系列辅导用书,包括“考试必读”系列、“核心密卷”系列、“应试对策”系列、“真题精讲”系列,全学科,全品种,惠及众多学子,深受读者欢迎。 希望这套书给所有需要参加英语考试的“专转本”考生带来实实在在的帮助。 “南大专转本”丛书编委会 专转本英语词汇通 目录 目录 “专转本”英语词汇详解1 “专转本”英语常考词汇训练203 参考答案227 专转本英语词汇一本通 A “专转本”英语词汇详解 A a/ an [eI;] / [n ;n] art.一(人、事、物):a pen / an apple (同类事 物中的)任何一个:A teacher is one who teaches in school. 每一:twice a we ek abandon [bndn] vt. 丢弃,离弃:The bady had been ~ed by its mother. 放弃:He ~ed all h opes. ability [bIlti; lIti] n. 能力:reading ~ 能耐:a man of ~ able [eIbl] a. 有能力的:an ~ judge 出色的:an ~ performanc e 【搭配】be ~ to 能, 会:He will be able to help her out of trouble. aboard [bd] ad./prep. 在船(或飞机,车)上,上船(或飞机, 车):All ~! / They went ~ the boat. about [bat] prep. 关于, 对于:a book ~ the stars 在…周围:a fence ~ the house ad. 大约:~ ten oclock 周围, 附近, 到处:He looked ~. 【搭配】be ~ to 刚要,即将:The plane is ~ to take off. above [bv] prep. 在…之上, 高于:~ the horizon ad. 在上面,以上:The scientist mentioned ~ is Dr. Einstein. a.上面的,上述的:t he ~ speech abroad [brd] ad. 国外,海外:live ~ 传开:The rumor soon spread ~. absence [bsns] n. 缺席,不在:Please take care of my dog during my ~. 缺乏,不存在:Darkness is the ~ of light. absent [bsnt] a. 缺席,不在:~ from the class 心不 在焉的:an ~ expression on her face absolute [bslut; ljut] a. 绝对的,完全的:~ freedom absorb [bsb; zb] vt. 吸收:His business ~s him. 吸引…的注意,(使)全神贯注:He was ~e d in the class. abstract [bstrkt] a. 抽象的:an ~ painting n. 摘要,梗概:an ~ of a scientific a rticle abundant [bndnt] a. 大量的,充足的,丰富的:~ natural resources abuse [bjus] n. / [bjuz] vt. 辱骂:They ~d each other. 虐待:Stop abusing that child! 滥用:Don t ~ your power. academic [kdemIk] a. 学院的:an ~ life 学术的:~ year / ~ degree accelerate [kselreIt;k] vt.(使)加快,(使)增速:The driver ~d the car. accent [ksnt;ksent] n. 口音,腔调:Australian ~ / The man spoke with a London ~. accept [ksept] vt. 接受,领受:~ a gift 认可:~ the new theory vi. 同意,承认 acceptance [kseptns] n. 接受,接纳:His plan met with universal ~. 承认:social ~ access [kses] n.(to) 接近(或进入)的机会,享用机会:All tourist s have ~ to the museum. 通道,入口:the only ~ to the farm accident [ksIdnt] n. 意外的事,偶然的事:We got back without ~. 事故:a traffic ~ 【搭配】 by ~ 偶然:I met him by ~. accidental [ksIdentl] a. 意外的,偶然(发生)的:The incident was q uite ~. accommodation [kmdeIn] n. 住处,膳宿:The school will p rovide food and ~. accompany [kmpni] vt. 陪伴,陪同:Lightning usually accompanies thunder. 伴随,和…一起发生:~ ones words with gestures 为…伴奏:He accompanied the singer on the guitar. accomplish [kmplI] vt. 完成,实现:It lies on us to ~ the task. / They didnt ~ed their mission. accord [kd] vt. 给予(欢迎,称颂等): ~ great importance to the family vi. 符合,调和,一致:His actions ~ with his words. n.一致,符合:His words are not in ~ w ith his ideas. accordance [kdns] n. 一致,符合 【搭配】 in ~ with 与…一致,按照,根据:His account of the incident is in ~ with yours. according [kdI] ad. 依照,按照 【搭配】 ~ to 按照,根据:According to the experts opinion, they gave up the experiment. accordingly [kdIli] ad. 因此,于是:He was too sick to stay. Accordingly, we sent him hom e. 照着,相应地:These are the rules. You can act ~. account [kant] n. 叙述,说明:Give us a true ~ of the adventure. 账,账户:Make out my ~. vi. (for)说明(原因等):He has been asked to ~ for his conduct. 【搭配】 on ~ of 因为,由于:He retired on ~ of poor health. take into ~ 考虑:We must t ake the local conditions into ~. accountant [kantnt] n. 会计 accumulate [kjumjleIt] vt. 积累,积聚:~ a fortune vi. 累积,聚积:Snow ~d on the ground. accuracy [kjrsi; kjr] n. 准确(性),精确(性):There i s a real need to check the ~ of the report. accurate [kjrIt; kjr] a. 准确的,精确的:He is very ~ in calculation. accuse [kjuz] vt. 指责:~ sb. of carelessness 指控:~ sb. of murder accustomed [kstmd] a. (to) 习惯的,惯常的:be ~ to w orking hard ache [eIk] vi. /n. 痛,疼痛:I ~d all over. / There were ~s in his back. achieve [tiv] vt. 完成,实现:Did you ~ all that you expected today? 完成,得到: ~ success in public life achievement [tivmnt] n. 成就,成绩:The invention of computer is a great ~. 完成,达到:the ~ of ones goal acid [sId] n. 酸,酸性物质 a. 酸的:We all know about the ~ rain. acknowledge [knlId] v t. 承认:I ~ the truth of his statement. 公认为;认为:She is ~d as/to be the best singer. 对…表示感谢,答谢: ~ a favor acquaintance [kweIntns] n. 认识,了解:I had some slight ~ with Spanish. 相识的人,熟人:Tom was my closest ~. / We are not friends but mere ~s. acquire [kwaI] vt. 取得,获得:How did he ~ his wealth? 学到:~ knowledge acquisition [kwIzIn] n . 获得:the ~ of knowledge (有价值的)获得 物:The painting is my latest ~. acre [eIk] n. 英亩:a 100acre farm across [krs] prep. 横过,穿过:go ~ the street 在…的对面:The bank is ~ the church. ad. 横过,穿过:Lets swim ~ the river. …宽:The lake is 6 miles ~. act [kt] vi. 行动,做:Think well before we ~. 起作用:The medicine didnt ~. 表演:She ~s very well. n.行为,动作:an ~ of kindness 法令,条例:an ~ of Congress 戏剧的一 幕:Its a play in three ~s. action [kn] n. 行动,行动过程:Actions speak louder than words. 作 用:the ~ of water on rock active [ktIv] a. 活跃的,积极的:We should take an ~ part in extracurricular activities. 在活动中的:an ~ volcano activity [ktIvti] n. 活动,活跃:campus activities 行动:an evil ~ actor [kt] n. 男演员 actress [ktrIs; trs] n. 女演员 actual [ktl;tjl] a. 实际的,事实上的,真实的:The ~ cost was much higher. acute [kjut] a. 严重的,强烈的:an ~ shortage of fresh water 敏锐的:an ~ hearing / ~ eyesight 尖的,锐角的:an ~ angle adapt [dpt] vt. (使)适应,(使)适合:We have ~ed ourselves to his new life. 改编,改写 :The novel was ~ed for a TV play. vi. (to) 适应:Tom has not yet ~ed to the climate. add [d] vt. 加,添加:Add 5 to 3 and you have 8. 进一步说(或写):“Ill come later, ” she ~ed. vi. (to) 增添:Add a few more names of students to the list. 【搭配】 ~ up to 合计达:The expenses ~ up to more than $1,000. addition [dIn] n.加,加法:The child can do ~. 附加物,增加的人或东西:A new baby is an ~ to a family. 【搭配】 in ~ 另外,加之:I paid 3,000 doll ars in ~. in ~ to 除…之外(还):He earned 1,000 dollars in ~ to his salary. additional [dInl] a. 附加的,另外的:~ tax/He had to pay some ~ charges. address [dres] n. 地址,住址:Please ask him to leave his ~. 演说,讲话:a TV ~ vt. 在…上写姓名、地址:Th e letter was wrongly ~ed. 向…讲话(或发表演说):He will ~ us on the subj ect. adequate [dIkwt;wIt] a . 充足的, 足够的:Our salary is not ~ to supp ort our family. 适当的, 胜任的:She proved ~ to t he job. adjective [dIktIv] n. 形容词:an ~ phrase adjust [dst] vt. 调节, 改变…以适应:He ~ed himself to the climate. 校正, 调 整:~ the watch administration [dmInIstreIn] n. 管理, 经营:The company developed quickly under his ~. 管理部门, 行政机关, 政府:school ~ admire [dmaI] vt. 钦佩, 赞赏, 羡慕:We ~ him for his righteousness. admission [dmIn] n.准许进入, 准许加入:How does he gain ~ to the palace? 承认, 供认 :an ~ of failure admit [dmIt] vt. 承认, 供认:I ~ it is more difficult than I thought it would be. 准许进入,准许…加入:He wa s admitted to the school. adopt [dpt] vt. 收养:They proposed to ~ me as their own son. 采取,采用:They had ~ed my suggestion. adult [dlt] n. 成年人:education for ~s a. 成年的:~ behaviour advance [dvns] vi. 前进, 向前移动:Shall we ~ or retreat? 取得进展:A month has passed and the work has not ~d. n.前进, 进 展:make a mighty ~ 预付, 预支:Its the business of banks to make ~s to bus iness firms. 【搭配】 in ~ 预告,事先:pay in ~ advanced [dvnst] a. 先进的,高级的:~ countries / ~ courses of study advantage [dvntId] n. 优点,优势:This school has many ~s. 好处:the ~s of ci ty life 【搭配】 gain/have an ~ over 胜过,优于:A m an who can think will always have an ~ over others. take ~ of 利用, 乘…之机:Dont take ~ of others weakness. adventure [dvent] n . 冒险, 冒险活动:a story of ~ 奇遇:The explorer told the boys about his ~s in the African forests. adverb [dvb] n. 副词 advertise [dvtaIz] v. 做广告,登广告:~ (for) the goods / Youll see this product ~d where you go. advertisement [dvtIsmnt; dvta Izmnt] (缩写作advert.) n. 广告:an ~ for the bargain sale (大减价) / The wall was covered with ~s. advice [dvaIs] n. 劝告, 意见:Ill take your ~. advisable [dvaIzbl] a. 明智的,可取的:Its ~ to see a dentist regularly. advise [dvaIz] vt. 劝告, 建议:He ~d me to work hard. 通知,告知:Please ~ your fr iends of any change in the plan. advocate [dvkt] n. 鼓吹者,提倡者:He is an ~ of reforming. vt. [dvkeIt] 拥护;提倡;主张:He ~s establishing more institutions. aeroplane [erpleIn] n. 飞机 [(美) airplane] affair [fe] n. 事情, 事件:important ~ of state / current ~s affect [fekt] vt. 影响:Smoking ~s health. (在情感方面)打动:She was ~ed by the sad news. affection [fekn] n. 爱, 感情:I have an ~ for my hometown. afford [fd] vt.买得起,花得起,负担得起:I cant ~ a house. / I cannot ~ to waste ti me and money. 提供, 给予:Music ~s us pleasure. afraid [freId] a. 害怕的,恐惧的:Im much ~ of snakes. 担心的:Im ~ we cant come. after [ft] prep. 在…以后, 在…后面:~ school / Ill come ~ you. ad . 以后, 后来:We had dinner and went home ~. afternoon [ftnun] n. 下午, 午后:in the ~ / on Saturday ~ afterward(s) [ftwd(z)] ad. 以后, 后来:She had her supper and went to bed soon ~. again [ɡeIn] adv. 再一次, 又一次:Read it ~, please. against [ɡeInst] prep. 倚在, 紧靠着, 衬着:He put the ladder ~ the wall. / Mt.Tai is beautiful ~ the sky. 逆, 反 (对), 违反:Are you ~ the plan? age [eId] n. 年龄:I am sixteen years of ~. 时代:the space ~ v. (使) 变老:After his wifes death, he ~d quickly. agency [eIdnsi] n. 代理(处), 代办处:The large firm has had agencies all over the worl d. agenda [dend] n. 议事日程:put sth. on the ~ agent [eIdnt] n. 代理人, 代办商:a ticket ~ aggressive [ɡresIv] a. 侵略的, 好斗的:An ~ country is always ready t o start a war. 敢作敢为的, 有进取心的:An ~ young man must be ~ if he wants to succeed. ago [ɡ] ad. 以前:The train left a few minutes ~. agree [ɡri] vi. 持相同意见:She ~d with me. / We ~d on the plan. 表示同意:He ~s to leave at once. vt. 同意,承认:I ~ that you r plan is better. agreement [ɡrimnt] n. 协议, 协定, 契约:We reached an ~ finally. 达成协议, 同意:We are in ~ with the plan. agriculture [ɡrIklt] n. 农业:He is engaged in ~. ahead [hed] ad. 在前, 向前, 提前:The post office is one kilometre ~. / Mary was clever, so s he was soon ~ of the other girls in the class. 【搭配】 ~ of 在…前:She arrived one day ~ of him. aid [eId] n. 帮助, 援助:He went to their ~. / first ~ (急救) 助手, 辅助手 段:teaching ~s v. 帮助, 援助 :I ~ed him in solving that problem. aim [eIm] vt. 把…瞄准, 把…对准:My remarks were not ~ed at you. vi. (at) 瞄准, 对准:I ~ed at the target. 致力, 旨在:He ~s at becoming a lawyer. n. 瞄准, 对准:He took ~ at the lio n. 目标, 目的:Whats your ~ in life? air [e] n. 空气, 天空:fresh ~ / fly in the ~ vt. (使 ) 通风:We ~ the room by opening the windows. 【搭配】 by ~ 通过航空途径:travel by ~ aircraft [ekrft] n. (复数不变)飞机, 航空器:an ~ / many ~ airline [elaIn] n. 航空公司:China International Airline (飞机的) 航线:open a new ~ airplane [epleIn] / aeroplane [erpleIn] n. 飞机:He went to Hong Kong by ~. airport [ept] n. 机场,航空站:an ~ bus alarm [lm] n.(U)惊恐, 忧虑:The rumor caused widespread public ~. (C)报警器, 警报, 闹钟的铃:The fire ~ sounded./ He set the ~ at six. v.使惊恐:The idea somewhat ~ed his mother. 向…报警:He ~ed his friends in time and they were able to escape. alcohol [lkhl] n. 酒精, 乙醇 alert [lt] a. 警惕的,机警的:He is an ~ solider. 机灵的,活跃的 :You must keep ~ in class. n. 警报:Red Aler t 警戒状态:They are always on the ~. vt.( 常与to连用)警告:The doctor ~ed me to the dangers of smoking. alike [laIk] a. 同样的, 相似的:The two brothers are exactly ~. alive [laIv] a.活着的:Was the snake ~ or dead? 存在 的:Are your grandparents still ~? 有活力的, 活跃的:He i s very much ~. all [l] a. 一切的, 所有的:All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。 全 部的:~ ones life / ~ day long pron. 全部 All are agreed. / All I want is time. ad. 完全地 , 很:Thats ~ right. 【搭配】 above ~ 首先, 尤其是:Above ~, we must believe in ourselves. after ~ 毕竟, 终究:He came a fter ~. ~ but 几乎,差不多:The man was ~ bu t blind. alliance [laIns] n. 联盟,同盟,联合:Germany made an ~ with Italy and Japan during the Second W orld War. allow [la] vt. 允许, 准许:She wont ~ the children into the house until they have cleaned the shoes. 给予:This pla nt ~s 30 minutes for lunch. 【搭配】 ~ for 考虑到:We must ~ for his inexperience. allowance [lans] n. 津贴,零用钱:I will give you an ~ of $30 a month. ally [laI] n. 盟国:France and England were allies in the war. vt. [laI] 使结盟,使联姻:America allied itself with Japan. vi.结盟:~ with almost [lmst] ad. 几乎, 差不多:The streets were ~ empty. alone [ln] a. 单独的, 孤独的:I was ~ in the classroom. ad. 单独地, 独自地:He came ~. 仅仅, 只:You ~ can help me in this task. along [l] prep. 沿着:I walked ~ the wall. ad. 向 前:March ~. aloud [lad] ad. 出声地, 大声地:read ~ alphabet [lfbet] n. 字母表:The English ~ begins with A. already [lredi] ad. 早已,已 (经):I have ~ done it. also [ls] ad. 同样地:He can ~ swim. 而且(也):He is young and goodlooking, a nd ~ very rich.